# Constitution of the United States of America
# 美利坚合众国宪法
> > 说明：英文为美国国家档案馆官方转录文本；中文采用通行权威译本，逐段对照。
## Preamble 序言
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
我们合众国人民，为建立更完善的联盟，树立正义，保障国内安宁，提供共同防务，促进公共福利，并使我们自己和后代得享自由的幸福，特为美利坚合众国制定本宪法。
## Article I 第一条（立法权）
### Section 1 第一款
All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
本宪法授予的全部立法权，属于由参议院和众议院组成的合众国国会。
### Section 2 第二款
The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.
众议院由各州人民每两年选举产生的议员组成，各州选举人应具备该州州议会人数最多一院选举人所必需的资格。
No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
年龄未满二十五岁、为合众国公民未满七年、当选时非该州居民者，不得担任众议员。
Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.
众议员名额和直接税税额，按各州人口比例分配。人口计算：全部自由人（含契约仆役），不包括未被课税的印第安人，再加上其他人口的五分之三。人口普查在国会首次集会后三年内进行，之后每十年一次，由国会立法规定方式。众议员每三万人不得超过一名，但每州至少一名；普查完成前，新罕布什尔可选 3 名，马萨诸塞 8 名，罗德岛及普罗维登斯种植园 1 名，康涅狄格 5 名，纽约 6 名，新泽西 4 名，宾夕法尼亚 8 名，特拉华 1 名，马里兰 6 名，弗吉尼亚 10 名，北卡罗来纳 5 名，南卡罗来纳 5 名，佐治亚 3 名。
When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.
州内众议员出缺，由该州行政长官发布选举令补选。
The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.
众议院选举议长及其他官员；唯有众议院拥有弹劾权。
### Section 3 第三款
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.
合众国参议院由每州州议会选举的两名参议员组成，任期六年，每名参议员一票。
Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.
初次选举集合后，参议员尽量平均分为三组。第一组席位第二年期满空缺，第二组第四年期满，第三组第六年期满，每两年改选三分之一。州议会休会期间参议员出缺，州行政长官可临时任命，待州议会开会补选。
No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.
年龄未满三十岁、为合众国公民未满九年、当选时非该州居民者，不得担任参议员。
The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.
合众国副总统为参议院议长，无表决权，票数相等时除外。
The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.
参议院选举本院临时议长及其他官员；副总统缺席或副总统行使总统职权时，由临时议长主持。
The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.
唯有参议院审理弹劾案。审理弹劾案时参议员须宣誓。审理总统弹劾案时，由最高法院首席大法官主持。定罪需要出席参议员三分之二同意。
Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
弹劾处分仅限免职、剥夺担任合众国荣誉、受托或有薪公职资格；被定罪者仍可另行依法起诉、审判、定罪和处罚。
### Section 4 第四款
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators.
各州州议会规定本州参众议员选举的时间、地点、程序；国会可以法律修改上述规定，但选举地点除外。
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day.
国会每年至少集会一次，开会日为十二月第一个星期一，法律另定日期除外。
### Section 5 第五款
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
参众两院各自审查本院议员选举、选票及资格；过半数为议事法定人数；不足法定人数可逐日休会，并有权按本院规定方式与罚则强制缺席议员到会。
Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.
两院可自定议事规则、惩戒扰乱秩序议员，三分之二同意可开除议员。
Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.
两院保存议事记录并适时公布，涉密部分除外；五分之一出席议员要求，须将赞成、反对票载入记录。
Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
国会开会期间，一院未经另一院同意，休会不得超过三日，不得迁往别处。
### Section 6 第六款
The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.
参众议员领取国库支付的报酬，报酬由法律确定。除叛国、重罪、妨害治安罪外，议员在赴会、开会往返途中不受逮捕；院内发言辩论不受追究。
No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.
议员在任期内不得就任合众国新设、或加薪的公职；合众国公职人员任职期间不得为国会议员。
### Section 7 第七款
All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
一切征税法案应由众议院提出；参议院可修正案方式修改或同意。
Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
两院通过法案后送交总统：总统签署即生效；否决则退回原议院，附异议书。原议院三分之二复议通过，连同异议送交另一院，另一院同样三分之二通过，法案成为法律。表决必须记名，赞成与反对者姓名记入本院记录。总统收到法案十日内（星期日除外）不退回，自动生效；但若国会休会导致无法退回，则不生效。
Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
除休会决议外，所有需要两院同意的命令、决议、表决，都送交总统批准；总统否决后，两院同样可以三分之二多数重新通过，规则同法案。
### Section 8 第八款
The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
国会有权：征税、关税、消费税，偿付国债、提供国防与公共福利；全国税收统一；
To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;
以合众国信用举债；
To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
管理对外贸易、州际贸易、与印第安部落贸易；
To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
制定统一归化条例、统一破产法；
To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
铸造货币、厘定币值与外币价值、确定度量衡标准；
To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;
惩治伪造合众国证券、货币；
To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
设立邮局、修建邮路；
To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
保障作者、发明人在有限期限内的专有权利，促进科学与技艺进步；
To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;
设立低于最高法院的各级法院；
To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;
界定、惩治公海海盗、重罪以及违反国际法的罪行；
To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
宣战、颁发捕押敌船特许证、制定陆海捕获规则；
To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
募集、维持陆军，但陆军拨款期限不得超过两年；
To provide and maintain a Navy;
建立、维持海军；
To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
制定陆海军队管理条例；
To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
征召民兵执行联邦法律、镇压叛乱、抵御入侵；
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
规定民兵编组、装备、训练；各州保留军官任命权、按国会规定训练民兵；
To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;—And
对经州让渡、国会接管的首都区域（不超 10 平方英里）拥有全部立法权；对州同意购买的要塞、军火库、船厂等地点拥有同样权力；
To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
为行使上述权力以及宪法授予联邦政府各部门的权力，制定一切必要且适当的法律。
### Section 9 第九款
The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person.
1808 年前，国会不得禁止各州认为应当准入的人员入境，但可对入境者征税，每人不超过 10 美元。
The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.
人身保护令特权不得中止，叛乱或入侵、公共安全必要时除外。
No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.
不得通过褫夺公权法案、追溯既往法律。
No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.
直接税必须按人口普查比例征收。
No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.
不得对各州出口货物征税。
No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
商贸、税收规则不得优待一州港口；不得强迫船只入港、出港、纳税。
No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.
国库款项只能依法拨付；收支账目定期公布。
No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State.
合众国不得授予贵族爵位；联邦公职人员未经国会许可，不得接受外国君主、王公的礼物、俸禄、官职、爵位。
### Section 10 第十款
No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
各州不得缔结条约、同盟、邦联；不得颁发捕押敌船许可；不得铸币、发行纸币；不得指定金银以外物品作为法定偿债货币；不得通过褫夺公权、溯及既往、损害契约义务的法律；不得授予贵族爵位。
No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it’s inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress.
未经国会同意，各州不得对进出口征税；为州检查法律所必需的除外，净收入归联邦国库，国会有权监督修改。
No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.
未经国会同意，各州不得征收船舶吨位税；和平时期不得保有陆海军；不得与其他州、外国缔约；除非遭受入侵或迫在眉睫的危险，不得开战。
## Article II 第二条（行政权）
### Section 1 第一款
The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows
行政权属于美利坚合众国总统。总统任期四年，副总统同任期，选举方式如下：
Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector.
每州按州议会指定方式选出选举人，人数等于该州参众议员总数；国会议员、联邦公职人员不得担任选举人。
The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner chuse the President. But in chusing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State having one Vote; A quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice President.
选举人在本州集会，投票选两人，至少一人不是本州居民；列出选票、签名密封，送交参议院议长。参议院议长在两院面前拆封、计票。得票超过选举人半数者当选总统；多人同时过半数且票数相同，众议院投票选总统；无人过半数，众议院从得票前五名中选出。众议院选举总统时，按州投票，每州一票；三分之二州至少一名众议员出席为法定人数，当选需要过半数州票。总统选出后，得票次高者为副总统；若票数相同，参议院选举副总统。
The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.
国会确定选举人产生时间、投票日，全国统一。
No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.
只有出生即为合众国公民，或宪法采纳时已是合众国公民者，方可当选总统；年满三十五岁、在美居住满十四年。
In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.
总统免职、死亡、辞职、丧失履职能力时，职权由副总统承接；国会可立法规定总统、副总统均缺位时的继任人，直至恢复或新总统选出。
The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be encreased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.
总统领取固定薪酬，任期内不得增减；任期内不得接受联邦或各州其他报酬。
Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:—“I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.”
就职宣誓：“我郑重宣誓（或矢言），我将忠诚执行合众国总统职务，并竭尽所能维持、保护、捍卫合众国宪法。”
### Section 2 第二款
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.
总统是合众国陆海军队总司令；各州民兵奉联邦征召时，总统为统帅。总统可要求各行政部门首长就其职务事项提供书面意见。除弹劾案外，总统有权对联邦罪行缓刑、特赦。
He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.
总统缔结条约，须参议院咨询同意，出席参议员三分之二赞成；提名并经参议院同意，任命大使、公使、领事、最高法院法官、其他联邦官员。国会可立法，将低级官员任命权授予总统、法院、部门首长。
The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.
参议院休会期间出现职位空缺，总统可临时任命，任期至参议院下届会议结束。
### Section 3 第三款
He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.
总统定期向国会报告联邦国情，提出必要适当建议；特殊情形召集两院或单独一院开会；两院休会时间分歧时，可令休会；接见外国使节；保证法律忠实执行；委任全部联邦军官。
### Section 4 第四款
The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
总统、副总统及所有联邦文官，因叛国、贿赂或其他重罪与轻罪，经弹劾定罪，应予免职。
## Article III 第三条（司法权）
### Section 1 第一款
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
合众国司法权属于最高法院以及国会随时设立的下级法院。法官忠于职守即可终身任职，薪酬按期发放，任职期间不得削减。
### Section 2 第二款
The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;—to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;—to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;—to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;—to Controversies between two or more States;—between a State and Citizens of another State;—between Citizens of different States;—between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.
司法权适用于：宪法、联邦法律、条约引发的普通法与衡平案件；大使、公使、领事案件；海事案件；合众国为一方当事人；州与州之间；一州与他州公民；不同州公民；同州公民争夺别州让渡土地；一州或其公民与外国、外国公民、国民之间的诉讼。
In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.
大使、公使、领事案件、州为一方当事人案件，最高法院拥有初审管辖权；其余案件，最高法院拥有上诉管辖权，国会可规定例外与上诉规则。
The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.
除弹劾案外，一切罪行由陪审团审判，审判在犯罪发生州举行；犯罪不在任何州内，由国会指定地点审理。
### Section 3 第三款
Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.
叛国罪仅指对合众国作战、依附敌国、给敌人援助便利。除非两名证人证明同一公开叛国行为，或本人当庭认罪，不得定叛国罪。
The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.
国会规定叛国罪刑罚；叛国者被剥夺公权，不得株连继承人，财产仅可在其本人在世时没收。
## Article IV 第四条（州际关系）
### Section 1 第一款
Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
各州对其他州的公共法案、档案、司法程序，给予完全信任与尊重。国会立法规定证明方式与效力。
### Section 2 第二款
The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.
每州公民享有各州公民的一切特权与豁免权。
A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
在一州被控叛国、重罪或其他罪行，逃亡至另一州，应原州行政当局请求，予以引渡。
No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.
依一州法律服劳役之人逃往另一州，不得因他州法律免除劳役，应权利人请求交出。
### Section 3 第三款
New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
国会准许新州加入联邦；未经本州议会和国会同意，不得在现有州境内建新州；不得合并数州或数州部分建立新州。
The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.
国会有权处置联邦属地、产业，制定相关法规；本宪法不损害联邦或任何一州权利。
### Section 4 第四款
The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
合众国保障各州共和政体，抵御外侮；应州议会或州行政长官（议会无法召集时）请求，平定州内暴乱。
## Article V 第五条（修宪程序）
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of equal Suffrage in the Senate.
国会两院各三分之二议员认为必要时，可提出宪法修正案；或三分之二州议会请求，国会召开修宪会议提出修正案。修正案经四分之三州议会、或四分之三州修宪会议批准（批准方式由国会选定），即成为宪法一部分。限制：1808 年前修正案不得改动第一条第九款第 1、4 项；任何州未经其同意，不得被剥夺参议院平等投票权。
## Article VI 第六条（最高法律条款）
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
本宪法批准前联邦债务、条约，宪法生效后效力不变。
This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
本宪法、依宪法制定的联邦法律、联邦缔结的条约，是全国最高法律；各州法官受其约束，州宪法、州法律与之抵触无效。
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
参众议员、州议会议员、联邦与州行政司法官员，宣誓拥护宪法；联邦公职不得设置宗教测试。
## Article VII 第七条（生效条件）
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
本宪法经九个州制宪会议批准后，在批准各州之间生效。
# Amendments 修正案
## Amendment I 修正案一
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
国会不得制定法律：确立国教、禁止信仰自由；剥夺言论、出版自由；人民和平集会、向政府请愿伸冤的权利。
## Amendment II 修正案二
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
纪律良好的民兵，对自由州安全必要；人民持有、携带武器的权利，不得侵犯。
## Amendment III 修正案三
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
和平时期，士兵未经房主同意，不得驻扎民宅；战时，依法律规定方式驻扎。
## Amendment IV 修正案四
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
人民人身、住宅、文件、财产，不受无理搜查扣押；除非有合理根据、宣誓保证、明确搜查地点与扣押对象，不得签发搜查令。
## Amendment V 修正案五
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
非经大陪审团起诉，不得受死罪或重罪审判；陆海军、民兵战时服役案件除外；同一罪行不得两次危及生命身体；不得强迫自证其罪；不经正当法律程序，不得剥夺生命、自由、财产；私有财产非经公平补偿，不得征为公用。
## Amendment VI 修正案六
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
刑事被告权利：犯罪地公正陪审团迅速、公开审判；知悉指控性质理由；与控方证人对质；强制获取有利证人；获得律师辩护。
## Amendment VII 修正案七
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
普通法诉讼，争议金额超过二十美元，保留陪审团审判权；陪审团认定事实，不得在联邦法院重新审查，依普通法规则除外。
## Amendment VIII 修正案八
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
不得要求过重保释金、过高罚金，不得施加残酷、非常刑罚。
## Amendment IX 修正案九
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
宪法列举某些权利，不得解释为否定、贬抑人民保留的其他权利。
## Amendment X 修正案十
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
宪法未授予合众国、也未禁止各州行使的权力，保留给各州或人民。
## Amendment XI 修正案十一
The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.
合众国司法权不得解释为适用于他州公民、外国公民对本州提起的普通法或衡平诉讼。
## Amendment XII 修正案十二
The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;—The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted;—The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President.—The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.
选举人分别投票选举总统、副总统；副总统资格与总统相同。
## Amendment XIII 修正案十三
Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
第一款 合众国境内、管辖范围内，奴隶制、强制劳役一律禁止，作为依法定罪罪犯的刑罚除外。
Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
第二款 国会有权立法实施本条。
## Amendment XIV 修正案十四
Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
第一款 在美出生或归化、受美国管辖者，为合众国及居住州公民。任何州不得立法削减合众国公民特权豁免；不经正当程序剥夺生命、自由、财产；在其管辖范围内，对任何人给予法律平等保护。
Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.
第二款 众议员名额按各州人口分配；一州年满 21 岁男性公民、合众国公民，选举权被剥夺（叛乱、犯罪除外），该州代表基数相应削减。
Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.
第三款 曾宣誓拥护宪法，后参与叛乱、支援敌国者，不得担任联邦、州公职；国会两院三分之二投票可解除该限制。
Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.
第四款 联邦合法债务效力不变；合众国、各州不得承担叛乱方债务、奴隶赔偿债务。
Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.
第五款 国会立法实施本条。
## Amendment XV 修正案十五
Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
第一款 合众国公民选举权，不因种族、肤色、曾受奴役而被联邦或各州剥夺。
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
第二款 国会立法实施本条。
## Amendment XVI 修正案十六
The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
国会有权对任何来源收入征税，无须按各州人口分配，不考虑人口普查。
## Amendment XVII 修正案十七
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.
参议员由各州人民直接选举；每州两名参议员，任期六年，一票。州选举人资格同州议会多数院选举人。
When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.
州参议院席位出缺，州行政长官发布选举令补缺；州议会可授权州长临时任命，直至民众选举补缺。
This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.
本修正案不影响修正案生效前选出参议员的选举与任期。
## Amendment XVIII 修正案十八
Section 1. After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
第一款 本条批准一年后，在合众国及其管辖领土内，为饮用目的制造、售卖、运输、进出口酒类，予以禁止。
Section 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
第二款 国会与各州共同有权立法实施本条。
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
第三款 国会提交本条起七年内，若未按宪法规定由各州议会批准，则本条失效。（已被 21 修正案废除）
## Amendment XIX 修正案十九
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.
合众国公民选举权，不因性别被联邦、各州剥夺。
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
国会立法实施本条。
## Amendment XX 修正案二十
Section 1. The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.
第一款 总统、副总统任期 1 月 20 日正午结束；国会议员任期 1 月 3 日正午结束；继任者任期随即开始。
Section 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
第二款 国会每年至少集会一次，集会于 1 月 3 日正午开始，法律另定日期除外。
Section 3. If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
第三款 总统任期起始时，当选总统死亡，则当选副总统接任总统；到时间仍未选出总统或当选总统未完成资格确认，当选副总统代行总统职权；国会可立法规定当选总统、副总统均无法履职时的继任安排。
Section 4. The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
第四款 国会可立法规定众议院选举总统、参议院选举副总统过程中候选人死亡的处置规则。
Section 5. Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.
第五款 第 1、2 款于本条批准当年 10 月 15 日生效。
Section 6. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.
第六款 国会提交七年内，未获四分之三州议会批准则本条失效。
## Amendment XXI 修正案二十一
Section 1. The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.
第一款 废除第十八条修正案。
Section 2. The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
第二款 禁止向某州、领地、属地运输、进口酒类，违反当地法律者。
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
第三款 国会提交七年内，未由各州修宪会议批准则本条失效。
## Amendment XXII 修正案二十二
Section 1. No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term.
第一款 总统任期不得超过两届；接任总统剩余任期超过两年者，最多再任一届。本条不适用于本条提交时在任总统，不影响其剩余任期。
Section 2. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the Congress.
第二款 国会提交七年内，未获四分之三州议会批准则本条失效。
## Amendment XXIII 修正案二十三
Section 1. The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct: A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.
第一款 华盛顿特区居民可选举总统选举人，人数等同于同等人口的最小州，不得多于人口最少州；选举人按第十二条修正案履职。
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
第二款 国会立法实施本条。
## Amendment XXIV 修正案二十四
Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
第一款 联邦、州选举，不得因未缴人头税或其他税剥夺公民选举权。
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
第二款 国会立法实施本条。
## Amendment XXV 修正案二十五
Section 1. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.
第一款 总统免职、死亡、辞职，副总统接任总统。
Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.
第二款 副总统职位空缺时，总统提名副总统，经两院多数同意就职。
Section 3. Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.
第三款 总统向参议院临时议长、众议院议长书面声明无法履职，由副总统代行职权，直至总统书面声明恢复能力。
Section 4. Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
第四款 副总统与行政部门多数首长（或国会法定机构）书面声明总统丧失履职能力，副总统立即代行总统职权。
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.
之后总统提交书面声明恢复能力，即可复职；但副总统与多数首长 4 日内再次提交失能声明，则由国会裁决。国会 48 小时内召集，收到二次声明起 21 日内，两院三分之二认定总统失能，则副总统继续代行职权；否则总统恢复职权。
## Amendment XXVI 修正案二十六
Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.
第一款 年满 18 岁合众国公民，选举权不得因年龄被联邦、各州剥夺。
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
第二款 国会立法实施本条。
## Amendment XXVII 修正案二十七
No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
国会变更议员薪酬的法案，必须在下一届众议员选举之后生效。